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Cake day: August 14th, 2025

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  • I would get some cheap maybe even used X86 hardware to start with. Depending on your backup needs, you might need more than one M2 or SATA port. If you plan to use it as an always on device, I would keep the power consumption in mind. A celeron N could be the way. The cpu processing power is, in my experience, not the limiting factor for a self-hosted environment. Give it lots of RAM, every virtual machine and every running service needs space.

    Using arm, like a Raspberry Pi, is not bad if you can find all your Docker images and binaries, compiled for this platform. I went away from it.

    There are many possible distributions and software you could use, it really depends on personal preference.







  • Docker and docker compose should work within macos, or not? (its a unix after all) you could setup a test environment there (jellyfin, navidrome, nextcloud and the like). I’m not sure which iMac… they use arm and RISC processors in some of them I heard. It is possible you won’t find docker-images which are made for these processors. Amd64 (Intel, amd) is the least problematic in this regard.

    For always on services (like filesharing or nas) a low power device would be good (a used raspberry. or celeron n powered all-in-one device if you want to have an UEFI capable and amd64 compatible platform with sata, more LAN ports and m.2.)

    VPN and maybe a parrot are recommended too. ;)

    Edit:
    For streaming maybe a VPN / anonymizing proxy is sufficient. In some countries even this shouldn’t be necessary but it doesn’t hurt. If you pay for illegal streaming they might catch you via the money trail when the platform is seized. But i doubt it that they care about the customers, they should just be after the providing party.



  • If your box isn’t globally addressable (because of NAT), your box can’t be connected to. It works one way only, from the inside out - because the NAT-router keeps track of the connections your box makes to globally addressable hosts and forwards reply packages back to your box.

    You could use IPv6 which because of the vast amounts of ipv6-addresses, eliminates the need for NAT. Or you could use a VPN or a tunneling service which gives you a dedicated IP. Or port forwarding from a globally addressable host. Either self hosted or as a service. Switch to an ISP which doesn’t do CGNAT.

    In short: ipv6 is easiest.:)

    Edit: does anybody know if a non addressable seed box gets info about interested and globally addressable peers somehow (either tracker or tracker-less) so it can initiate a TCP connection to those peers? Are there resources to read up in that topic?



  • The h4 already can be a managed switch itself (2" 2,5gbit + 4*1gbit with the nic addon.) if you want it to be one. Linux as the host OS (VLANs, bridges) - netplan works well for me. Some VMs and containers on top (lxd, incus, some use proxmox) for router/ firewall/ vpn-gateway (opnsense, ipfire,…) and other functionality which you don’t want to run on the host OS directly. The cpu is fast enough to run all your services at once. It all comes down to RAM.

    IMO there is not one right way. It all depends on what you want to achieve. Also a lot depends on, whether you want results fast or if you enjoy the tinkering while learning.